> # vignette.R: figures and code in the rpart.plot vignette
> 
> source("test.prolog.R")
Loading required package: rpart
> data(ptitanic)
> 
> #--- front.R ---
> 
> library(earth)
Loading required package: Formula
Loading required package: plotmo
Loading required package: plotrix
Loading required package: TeachingDemos
> data(ozone1)
> par(mfrow=c(3,3), mgp = c(1.5, .5, 0))
> a <- rpart(O3~., data=ozone1, cp=.024)
> y <- a$frame$yval
> cols <- c("lightcoral", "khaki2", "palegreen2")
> cols <- ifelse(y > 20, cols[1], ifelse(y < 15, cols[3], cols[2]))
> prp(a, # old vignette before prp supported box.palette
+ main="[front] An Example\nmanual palette=\nc(\"lightcoral\", \"khaki2\", \"palegreen2\")",
+     box.col=cols, type=4, fallen=T, branch=.3, round=0, leaf.round=9,
+     clip.right.labs=F, under.cex=1,
+     prefix="ozone\n", branch.col="gray", branch.lwd=2,
+     extra=101, under=T, lt=" < ", ge=" >= ", cex.main=1.5)
> 
> prp(a,
+ main="[front] An Example\nbox.palette=\nc(\"palegreen3\", \"khaki2\", \"lightcoral\")",
+     type=4, fallen=T, branch=.3, round=0, leaf.round=9,
+     clip.right.labs=F, under.cex=1,
+     box.palette=c("palegreen3", "khaki2", "lightcoral"),
+     prefix="ozone\n", branch.col="gray", branch.lwd=2,
+     extra=101, under=T, lt=" < ", ge=" >= ", cex.main=1.5)
> 
> prp(a,
+     type = 4,                # left and right split labels (see Figure 2)
+     clip.right.labs = FALSE, # full right split labels
+     extra = 101,             # show nbr of obs and percentages (see Figure 3)
+     under = TRUE,            # position extra info _under_ the boxes
+     under.cex = 1,           # size of text under the boxes (default is .8)
+     fallen.leaves = TRUE,    # put leaves at the bottom of plot
+     box.palette = "GnYlRd",  # color of the boxes
+     branch = .3,             # branch lines with narrow shoulders and down slopes
+     round = 0,               # no rounding of nodes (sharp edges)
+     leaf.round = 9,          # round leaf nodes (for leaves, supersedes round argument)
+     prefix = "ozone\n",      # prepend this string to the node labels
+     main = "An Example",     # main title
+     cex.main = 1.5,          # big main title
+     branch.col = "gray",     # color of branch lines
+     branch.lwd = 2)          # line width of branch lines
> 
> par(old.par)
> 
> #--- example.R ---
> 
> par(mfrow=c(2,2))
> #---------------------------------------------------------------------------
> binary.model <- rpart(survived ~ ., data=ptitanic, cp=.02)
>                                         # cp=.02 for small demo tree
> 
> rpart.plot(binary.model, tweak=.9, cex.main=.9,
+            main="\ntitanic survived\n(binary response)")
> 
> #---------------------------------------------------------------------------
> anova.model <- rpart(Mileage ~ ., data=cu.summary)
> 
> rpart.plot(anova.model, tweak=.9, cex.main=.9,
+            main="\n\n\nmiles per gallon\n(continuous response)\n")
> 
> #---------------------------------------------------------------------------
> multi.class.model <- rpart(Reliability ~ ., data=cu.summary)
> 
> rpart.plot(multi.class.model, tweak=1, cex.main=.9,
+            legend.cex=1.3, legend.y=1.25,
+            main="\nvehicle reliability\n(multi class response)")
> 
> #--- compare to the plotting functions in the rpart package ---
> 
> par(old.par)
> par(mfrow=c(3,3))
> tree <- rpart(survived ~ ., data=ptitanic, cp=.02)
>                          # cp=.02 because want small tree for demo
> plot(tree, uniform=TRUE, compress=TRUE, branch=.2)
> text(tree, use.n=TRUE, cex=.6, xpd=NA) # cex is a guess, depends on your window size
> title("compare to the plotting functions\nin the rpart package", cex.sub=.8)
> 
> #--- type.R ---
> 
> a <- rpart(survived~., data=ptitanic, control=list(cp=.02))
> col.main <- rgb(80, 100, 130, maxColorValue=255)
> par(mfrow=c(2,3))
> prp(a, faclen=0, type=0, main="type = 0\n(default)\n", col=1, col.main=col.main)
> prp(a, faclen=0, type=1, main="type = 1\nlabel all nodes\n(like text.rpart all=TRUE)", col=1, col.main=col.main)
> prp(a, faclen=0, type=2, main="type = 2\nsplit labels below node labels\n", col=1, col.main=col.main)
> prp(a, faclen=0, type=3, main="type = 3\nleft and right split labels\n", col=1, col.main=col.main)
> prp(a, faclen=0, type=4, main="type = 4\nlike type=3 but with interior labels\n(like text.rpart fancy=TRUE)", col=1, col.main=col.main)
> prp(a, faclen=0, type=5, main="type = 5\nvariable name in interior nodes", col=1, col.main=col.main)
> par(old.par)
> 
> #--- anova-extra.R ---
> 
> a <- rpart(Volume~., data=trees, cp=.5)
> par(mfrow=c(3,4))
> par(mar = c(3, 3, 5, 1))
> par(mgp = c(1.5, .5, 0))
> col.main <- rgb(80, 100, 130, maxColorValue=255)
> prp(a, clip.right.labs=F, split.cex=.8, tweak=1.3, type=4, extra=0,   yesno=F, faclen=0, under=T, cex.main=1.3, main="[anova-extra] extra = 0\ndefault\n", col=1, col.main=col.main)
> prp(a, clip.right.labs=F, split.cex=.8, tweak=1.3, type=4, extra=1,   yesno=F, faclen=0, under=T, cex.main=1.3, main="extra = 1\nnbr of obs\n", col=1, col.main=col.main)
> prp(a, clip.right.labs=F, split.cex=.8, tweak=1.3, type=4, extra=100, yesno=F, faclen=0, under=T, cex.main=1.3, main="extra = 100\npercentage of obs\n", col=1, col.main=col.main)
> prp(a, clip.right.labs=F, split.cex=.8, tweak=1.3, type=4, extra=101, yesno=F, faclen=0, under=T, cex.main=1.3, main="extra = 101\nnbr and percentage\nof obs", col=1, col.main=col.main)
> par(old.par)
> 
> #--- class-extra.R ---
> 
> par(mfrow=c(4,5))
> par(mar = c(3, 3, 5, 1))
> par(mgp = c(1.5, .5, 0))
> col.main <- rgb(80, 100, 130, maxColorValue=255)
> a <- rpart(survived~., data=ptitanic, cp=.03)
> prp(a, under.cex=1, type=4, faclen=0, under=T, extra=0,   cex.main=1, main="[class-extra] extra = 0\ndefault\n", col=1, col.main=col.main)
> prp(a, under.cex=1, type=4, faclen=0, under=T, extra=1,   cex.main=1, main="extra = 1\nnbr of obs per class\n", col=1, col.main=col.main)
> prp(a, under.cex=1, type=4, faclen=0, under=T, extra=2,   cex.main=1, main="extra = 2\nclass rate\n", col=1, col.main=col.main)
> prp(a, under.cex=1, type=4, faclen=0, under=T, extra=3,   cex.main=1, main="extra = 3\nmisclass rate\n", col=1, col.main=col.main)
> prp(a, under.cex=1, type=4, faclen=0, under=T, extra=4,   cex.main=1, main="extra = 4\nprob per class\n(sum across a node is 1)", col=1, col.main=col.main)
> prp(a, under.cex=1, type=4, faclen=0, under=T, extra=5,   cex.main=1, main="extra = 5\nprob per class,\nfitted class not displayed", col=1, col.main=col.main)
> prp(a, under.cex=1, type=4, faclen=0, under=T, extra=6,   cex.main=1, main="extra = 6\nprob of 2nd class\n(useful for\nbinary responses)", col=1, col.main=col.main)
> prp(a, under.cex=1, type=4, faclen=0, under=T, extra=7,   cex.main=1, main="extra = 7\nprob of 2nd class,\nfitted class not displayed", col=1, col.main=col.main)
> prp(a, under.cex=1, type=4, faclen=0, under=T, extra=8,   cex.main=1, main="extra = 8\nprob of fitted class\n", col=1, col.main=col.main)
> prp(a, under.cex=1, type=4, faclen=0, under=T, extra=9,   cex.main=1, main="extra = 9\noverall prob\n(sum over all leaves is 1)", col=1, col.main=col.main)
> prp(a, under.cex=1, type=4, faclen=0, under=T, extra=10,  cex.main=1, main="extra = 10\noverall prob of 2nd class\n", col=1, col.main=col.main)
> prp(a, under.cex=1, type=4, faclen=0, under=T, extra=11,  cex.main=1, main="extra = 11\noverall prob of 2nd class\nfitted class not displayed", col=1, col.main=col.main)
> empty.plot()
> prp(a, under.cex=1, type=4, faclen=0, under=T, extra=100, cex.main=1, main="extra = 100\npercent of obs\n", col=1, col.main=col.main)
> prp(a, under.cex=1, type=4, faclen=0, under=T, extra=106, cex.main=1, main="extra = 106\nprob of 2nd class and\npercent of obs", col=1, col.main=col.main)
> par(old.par)
> 
> #--- fraction.R ---
> 
> par(mfrow=c(3,3))
> tree <- rpart(survived~., data=ptitanic, cp=.02)
>                          # cp=.02 because want small tree for demo
> prp(tree, extra=7, prefix="fraction\n", tweak=1.2, main="[fraction]")
> 
> 
> #--- dev.R ---
> 
> tree <- rpart(survived~., data=ptitanic, cp=.02)
>                          # cp=.02 because want small tree for demo
> my.node.fun <- function(x, labs, digits, varlen)
+ {
+     paste("dev", x$frame$dev)
+ }
> prp(tree, node.fun=my.node.fun, tweak=1.2, main="[dev]")
> 
> 
> #--- standard-plus-dev.R ---
> 
> tree <- rpart(survived~., data=ptitanic, cp=.02)
> my.node.fun2 <- function(x, labs, digits, varlen)
+ {
+     paste(labs, "\ndev", x$frame$dev)
+ }
> prp(tree, extra=6, node.fun=my.node.fun2, tweak=1.2, main="[standard-plus-dev]")
> 
> 
> #--- double-newline-dev.R ---
> 
> tree <- rpart(survived~., data=ptitanic, cp=.02)
> my.node.fun3 <- function(x, labs, digits, varlen)
+ {
+     # identical to my.node.fun2 above but use \n\n instead of \n
+     paste(labs, "\n\ndev", x$frame$dev)
+ }
> prp(tree, extra=6, node.fun=my.node.fun3, tweak=1.2, main="[double-newline-dev]")
> 
> #--- prefix-col.R ---
> 
> tree <- rpart(survived~., data=ptitanic, cp=.02)
> prp(tree, extra=6, tweak=1.2, main="prefix-col",
+     box.col=ifelse(tree$frame$yval == 2, "palegreen3", "pink"))
> par(old.par)
> 
> #--- movie.R ---
> 
> # omitted, tested in test.prp.R
> 
> #--- depth-first-movie.R ---
> 
> par(mfrow=c(4,5))
> data(ptitanic)
> tree1 <- rpart(survived~., data=ptitanic, cp=.012)
> par(mfrow=c(4,3), mar = c(0, 0, 2, 0))
> for(iframe in 1:nrow(tree1$frame)) {
+     cols <- ifelse(1:nrow(tree1$frame) <= iframe, "black", "gray")
+     dev.hold()     # hold screen output to prevent flashing
+     prp(tree1, compress=FALSE, faclen=3, varlen=-3,
+        col=cols, branch.col=cols, split.col=cols,
+        main=sprint("\n%d", iframe), yesno=FALSE)
+     dev.flush()
+     # Sys.sleep(1) # wait one second
+ }
> par(old.par)
> 
> #--- path-to-root.R ---
> 
> par(mfrow=c(2,2))
> tree <- rpart(survived~., data=ptitanic, cp=0.02)
> 
> # return the given node and all its ancestors (a vector of node numbers)
> path.to.root <- function(node)
+ {
+     if(node == 1)   # root?
+         node
+     else            # recurse, %/% 2 gives the parent of node
+         c(node, path.to.root(node %/% 2))
+ }
> 
> node <- 11          # 11 is our chosen node, arbitrary for this example
> nodes <- as.numeric(row.names(tree$frame))
> cols <- ifelse(nodes %in% path.to.root(node), "sienna", "gray")
> prp(tree, nn=TRUE,
+     col=cols, branch.col=cols, split.col=cols, nn.col=cols, yesno=F, tweak=1.2,
+     main="[path-to-root]")
> 
> #--- gray-background.R ---
> 
> old.bg <- par(bg="gray50")
> iris.tree <- rpart(Species~., data=iris)
> prp(iris.tree, type=0, extra=8, main="[gray-background]",
+     under=TRUE, yesno=FALSE,
+     varlen=0, faclen=0, tweak=1.4,
+     col=c("orangered", "orange", "wheat")[iris.tree$frame$yval])
> par(bg=old.bg)
> 
> #--- snip.R ---
> 
> tree <- rpart(survived~., data=ptitanic, cp=.012)
> new.tree <- prp(tree, main="[snip-part1]")$obj # interactively trim the tree
> prp(new.tree, main="[snip-part2]")             # display the new tree
> 
> #--- heat-tree.R ---
> 
> heat.tree <- function (tree, low.is.green=FALSE, ...) {
+     y <- tree$frame$yval
+     if(low.is.green)
+         y <- -y
+     max <- max(y)
+     min <- min(y)
+     cols <- rainbow(99, end=.36)[
+                 ifelse(y >  y[1], (y-y[1]) * (99-50) / (max-y[1])+50,
+                                   (y-min)  * (50-1)  / (y[1]-min)+1)]
+     prp(tree, branch.col=cols, box.col=cols, ...)
+ }
> data(ptitanic)
> tree <- rpart(age ~ ., data=ptitanic)
> heat.tree(tree, type=4, varlen=0, faclen=0, fallen.leaves=TRUE)
> heat.tree(tree, low.is.green=TRUE)
> par(old.par)
> 
> #--- compress.R ---
> 
> par(mfrow=c(2,2))
> a <- rpart(survived~., data=ptitanic, cp=.01)
> col.main <- rgb(80, 100, 130, maxColorValue=255)
> prp(a, compress=FALSE, ycompress=FALSE, main="[compress]\ncompress=FALSE\nycompress=FALSE", cex.main=.9, trace=1, col=1, col.main=col.main)
cex 0.849   xlim c(0, 1)   ylim c(0, 1)
> text(.2, -.12, "calculated cex:\n0.44", cex=1, xpd=NA, font=3, col=rgb(.1,.2,.4))
> prp(a, compress=TRUE, ycompress=FALSE, main="\ncompress=TRUE (default)\nycompress=FALSE", cex.main=.9, trace=1, col=1, col.main=col.main)
cex 1   xlim c(0, 1)   ylim c(0, 1)
> text(.2, .15, "calculated cex:\n0.69", cex=1, xpd=NA,  font=3, col=rgb(.1,.2,.4))
> prp(a, compress=TRUE, ycompress=TRUE, main="\ncompress=TRUE (default)\nycompress=TRUE (default)", cex.main=.9, trace=1, col=1, col.main=col.main)
cex 1   xlim c(0, 1)   ylim c(0, 1)
> text(.2, .2, "calculated cex:\n0.82", cex=1, xpd=NA,   font=3,  col=rgb(.1,.2,.4))
> par(old.par)
> 
> #--- compact.R ---
> 
> par(mfrow=c(3,3))
> empty.plot()
> empty.plot()
> empty.plot()
> 
> a <- rpart(survived~., data=ptitanic, cp=.1)
> col.main <- rgb(80, 100, 130, maxColorValue=255)
> prp(a, ycompact=FALSE, xcompact=FALSE, faclen=0, trace=1, extra=6,
+     main="[compact] xcompact=FALSE\nycompact=FALSE", cex.main=1, split.border.col=0, tweak=1.2)
cex 1 (before applying tweak 1.2)   xlim c(0, 1)   ylim c(0, 1)
> rect(-.05, -.1, 1.05, 1.2, xpd=NA)
> # par(mfg=c(1,1)) # for plotting on top of each other to see alignment
> prp(a, faclen=0, trace=1, extra=6,
+     main="\ndefault:\nxcompact=TRUE\nycompact=TRUE", cex.main=1, split.border.col=0, tweak=1.2)
cex 1 (before applying tweak 1.2)   xlim c(-0.65, 1.65)   ylim c(-0.75, 1.75)
> rect(-.76, -1.96, 1.76, 3.35, xpd=NA) # , border=2)
> par(old.par)
> 
> #--- compatibility example ---
> 
> par(mfrow=c(2,2))
> fit <- rpart(Kyphosis ~ Age + Number + Start, data=kyphosis) # from example(rpart)
> oldpar <- par(mfrow=c(1,2), xpd=NA) # side by side comparison
> plot(fit)
> text(fit, use.n=TRUE)
> prp(fit, extra=1, uniform=F, branch=1, yesno=F, border.col=0, xsep="/")
> 
> #--- split.fun example ---
> 
> a9 <- rpart(Price/1000 ~ Mileage + Type + Country, cu.summary)
> split.fun <- function(x, labs, digits, varlen, faclen)
+ {
+     gsub(" = ", ":\n", labs)
+ }
> prp(a9, extra=100, under=T, yesno=F, split.fun=split.fun, main="a9 (split.fun example)")
> 
> #--- utilities.R ---
> 
> tree <- rpart(survived~., data=ptitanic, cp=.02)
> print(as.numeric(row.names(tree$frame))) # node numbers in the order they appear in frame
[1]  1  2  4  5 10 11  3
> 
> node <- 2
> print(node %/% 2)                               # parent of node
[1] 1
> 
> print(inode <- match(node, nodes))              # row index of node in frame
[1] 2
> 
> print(is.leaf <- tree$frame$var == "<leaf>")    # logical vec, indexed on row in frame
[1] FALSE FALSE  TRUE FALSE  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE
> 
> print(nodes[is.leaf])                           # the leaf node numbers
[1]  4 10 11  3
> 
> print(is.left <- nodes %% 2 == 0)               # logical vec, indexed on row in frame
[1] FALSE  TRUE  TRUE FALSE  TRUE FALSE FALSE
> 
> print(ifelse(is.left, nodes+1, nodes-1))        # siblings of nodes
[1]  0  3  5  4 11 10  2
> 
> get.children <- function(node)          # node and all its children
+     if(is.leaf[match(node, nodes)]) {
+         node
+     } else
+         c(node,
+           get.children(2 * node),       # left child
+           get.children(2 * node + 1))   # right child
> 
> print(get.children(2))
[1]  2  4  5 10 11
> 
> #--- split-label12.R ---
> 
> tree.split.label12 <- rpart(Price/1000 ~ Mileage + Type + Country, cu.summary)
> split.fun <- function(x, labs, digits, varlen, faclen)
+ {
+     gsub(" = ", ":\n", labs)
+ }
> prp(tree.split.label12, extra=1, branch=1, split.border.col=1, split.yspace=1.5, main="split-label12")
> prp(tree.split.label12, extra=1, branch=1, split.border.col=1, split.yspace=1.5, split.fun=split.fun)
> prp(tree.split.label12, extra=100, under=T, yesno=F, split.fun=split.fun, tweak=.8, branch.lwd=.7)
> 
> #--- split-label13.R ---
> 
> par(mfrow=c(2,3), mar=c(5, 4, 2, 2))
> tree.split.label13 <- rpart(Price/1000 ~ Mileage + Type + Country, cu.summary)
> split.fun <- function(x, labs, digits, varlen, faclen)
+ {
+     # replace commas with spaces (needed for strwrap)
+     labs <- gsub(",", " ", labs)
+     for(i in 1:length(labs)) {
+         # split labs[i] into multiple lines
+         labs[i] <- paste(strwrap(labs[i], width=25), collapse="\n")
+     }
+     labs
+ }
> prp(tree, cex=1.05)
> prp(tree.split.label13, split.fun=split.fun, main="split-label13")
> split.fun.width15 <- function(x, labs, digits, varlen, faclen)
+ {
+     # replace commas with spaces (needed for strwrap)
+     labs <- gsub(",", " ", labs)
+     for(i in 1:length(labs)) {
+         # split labs[i] into multiple lines
+         labs[i] <- paste(strwrap(labs[i], width=15), collapse="\n")
+     }
+     labs
+ }
> prp(tree.split.label13, clip.facs=TRUE, split.fun=split.fun.width15, main="split-label13\nclip.facs=TRUE")
> 
> #--- fancy-rpart-plot.R --------------------------------
> 
> par(mfrow=c(3,3), mar=c(5, 4, 2, 2))
> binary.model <- rpart(survived ~ ., data=ptitanic, cp=.02)
> rpart.plot(binary.model, tweak=1.15, cex.main=1.1,
+            main="rpart.plot (default)\n")
> rpart.plot(binary.model, tweak=1, cex.main=1.1,
+            extra=104, box.palette="GnBu", nn=TRUE,
+            branch.lty=3, shadow.col="gray",
+            main="rpart.plot (with args)\n")
> library(rattle, quietly=TRUE)
Rattle: A free graphical interface for data science with R.
Version 5.2.0 Copyright (c) 2006-2018 Togaware Pty Ltd.
Type 'rattle()' to shake, rattle, and roll your data.
> fancyRpartPlot(binary.model, tweak=.8, cex.main=.9,
+            main="\nfancyRpartPlot", sub="")
> par(old.par)
> 
> #--- plotmo-examples.R ---------
> 
> kyphosis1 <- kyphosis
> kyphosis1$Age <- kyphosis1$Age / 12
> tree <- rpart(Kyphosis ~ ., data=kyphosis1)
> par(mfrow=c(3, 3))
> par(mar=c(.5, .5, 2, .5)) # mar is b l t r
> par(mgp=c(1.6, 0.6, 0))
> prp(tree, extra=7)
> par(mar=c(.5, 1, 2, .5)) # mar is b l t r
> set.seed(2016)
> plotmo(tree, degree1=NA, do.par=F, theta=220-80, expand=.5,
+        type="prob", nresponse="present", main="", ticktype="d", ntick=3)
> par(mar=c(4, 4, 4, .5))
> set.seed(2016)
> plotmo(tree, degree1=NA, do.par=F, main="", type2="image",
+        pt.col=ifelse(kyphosis1$Kyphosis=="present", "red", "lightblue"),
+        pt.pch=20, cex.response=1, col.image=grey(10:4/10), ngrid2=300,
+        type="prob", nresponse="present", yflip=T, xflip=T)
> par(old.par)
> 
> #--- plotmo-ozone.R ---------
> 
> data(ozone1)
> par(mfrow=c(3,3),
+     mar=c(.5, 0.5, 2.5, .5), cex=.6, mgp = c(1.6, 0.6, 0))  # mar is b l t r
> a1 <- rpart(O3~., data=ozone1)
> prp(a1, type=1, cex=1, main="ozone level         \n", Margin=-.07)
> col.persp <- rgb(220, 255, 255, maxColorValue=255)
> theta <- -35
> degree2 <- c("ibh", "temp")
> set.seed(2016)
> plotmo(a1, do.par=F, degree1=0, degree2=degree2, persp.theta=theta,
+        ngrid2=20, col.persp=col.persp, ylim=c(0, 30))
> 
> degree2 <- c("ibt", "temp")
> set.seed(2016)
> plotmo(a1, do.par=F, degree1=0, degree2=degree2, persp.theta=theta,
+        ngrid2=20, col.persp=col.persp)
> 
> a <- lm(O3~., data=ozone1)
> set.seed(2016)
> plotmo(a, degree1=0, do.par=F, degree2=degree2, persp.theta=theta,
+        main="linear model", clip=F, col.persp=col.persp)
> 
> a <- earth(O3~., data=ozone1, degree=2)
> set.seed(2016)
> plotmo(a, degree1=0, do.par=F, degree2=degree2, persp.theta=theta,
+        main="MARS", col.persp=col.persp)
> 
> library(randomForest)
randomForest 4.6-14
Type rfNews() to see new features/changes/bug fixes.

Attaching package: 'randomForest'

The following object is masked from 'package:rattle':

    importance

> set.seed(2018)
> a <- randomForest(O3~., data=ozone1)
> plotmo(a, degree1=0, do.par=F, degree2=degree2, persp.theta=theta,
+        main="random forest", col.persp=col.persp)
> par(old.par)
> 
> #--- cleartree.R ---
> 
> library(rpart.plot)
> data(ptitanic)
> survived <- rpart(survived ~ ., data=ptitanic, cp=.02)
> par(mfrow=c(4,4))
> rpart.plot(survived, main="default\n\n", cex.main=1)
> rpart.plot(survived, yesno=2, main="yesno=2\n\n", cex.main=1)
> rpart.plot(survived, type=3, clip.right.labs=FALSE, branch=.3, cex.main=1,
+            main="type=3\nclip.right.labs=FALSE\nbranch=.3\n")
> # points(.65, 1.4, pch=13 * 16 + 6, font=5, xpd=NA, cex=.9) # checkmark
> rpart.plot(survived, type=4, clip.right.labs=FALSE, branch=.3, cex.main=1,
+            main="type=4\nclip.right.labs=FALSE\nbranch=.3\n")
> par(old.par)
> 
> #--- rules.R ---
> 
> old.par <- par(no.readonly=TRUE)
> par(mfrow=c(5,3))
> data(trees)
> par(mar=c(0, 2, 5, 2))
> Volume <- rpart(Volume ~ ., data=trees)
> empty.plot()
> rpart.plot(Volume, type=3, yspace=.4,
+            clip.right.labs=FALSE,
+            branch=.3, under=TRUE,
+            cex=1.1, split.cex=.8)
> empty.plot()
> cat("rpart.rules(Volume):\n")
rpart.rules(Volume):
> print(rpart.rules(Volume))
 Volume                       
     18 when Girth <  12      
     31 when Girth is 12 to 16
     56 when Girth >=       16
> 
> data(ptitanic)
> survived <- rpart(survived ~ ., data=ptitanic, cp=.02)
> par(mar=c(0, 0, 3, 0))
> empty.plot()
> rpart.plot(survived, type=3, clip.right.labs=FALSE, yspace=.2,
+            branch=.3, under=TRUE,
+            cex=.9, split.cex=1)
> cat("rpart.rules(survived, cover=TRUE):\n")
rpart.rules(survived, cover=TRUE):
> print(rpart.rules(survived, cover=TRUE))
 survived                                                cover
     0.05 when sex is   male & age <  9.5 & sibsp >= 3      2%
     0.17 when sex is   male & age >= 9.5                  61%
     0.73 when sex is female                               36%
     0.89 when sex is   male & age <  9.5 & sibsp <  3      2%
> cat("rpart.rules(survived, roundint=FALSE):\n")
rpart.rules(survived, roundint=FALSE):
> print(rpart.rules(survived, roundint=FALSE))
 survived                                               
     0.05 when sex is   male & age <  9.5 & sibsp >= 2.5
     0.17 when sex is   male & age >= 9.5               
     0.73 when sex is female                            
     0.89 when sex is   male & age <  9.5 & sibsp <  2.5
> cat("rpart.rules(survived, clip.facs=TRUE):\n")
rpart.rules(survived, clip.facs=TRUE):
> print(rpart.rules(survived, clip.facs=TRUE))
 survived                                      
     0.05 when   male & age <  9.5 & sibsp >= 3
     0.17 when   male & age >= 9.5             
     0.73 when female                          
     0.89 when   male & age <  9.5 & sibsp <  3
> cat("rpart.rules(survived, extra=4, cover=TRUE):\n")
rpart.rules(survived, extra=4, cover=TRUE):
> print(rpart.rules(survived, extra=4, cover=TRUE))
 survived  die sur                                                 cover
     died [.95 .05] when sex is   male & age <  9.5 & sibsp >= 3      2%
     died [.83 .17] when sex is   male & age >= 9.5                  61%
 survived [.27 .73] when sex is female                               36%
 survived [.11 .89] when sex is   male & age <  9.5 & sibsp <  3      2%
> cat("rpart.rules(survived, extra=9, cover=TRUE):\n")
rpart.rules(survived, extra=9, cover=TRUE):
> print(rpart.rules(survived, extra=9, cover=TRUE))
 survived  die sur                                                 cover
     died [.01 .00] when sex is   male & age <  9.5 & sibsp >= 3      2%
     died [.50 .10] when sex is   male & age >= 9.5                  61%
 survived [.00 .02] when sex is   male & age <  9.5 & sibsp <  3      2%
 survived [.10 .26] when sex is female                               36%
> par(old.par)
> 
> source("test.epilog.R")
