Externe referierte Aufsätze

Making Work Pay: Increasing Labour Supply of Secondary Earners in Low Income Families with Children

In-work support through the tax-benefit system has proved to be an effective way of increasing thelabor supply of lone mothers and first earners in couples in a number of OECD countries. At the sametime, these instruments usually create negative employment incentives for secondary earners. This inturn reduces the potential of in-work support to address the joint objectives of higher employmentand lower ...

Germany Must Go Back to Its Low-Carbon Future

In Search of Features that Constitute an "Enriched Environment" in Humans: Associations between Geographical Properties and Brain Structure

Enriched environments elicit brain plasticity in animals. In humans it is unclear which environment is enriching. Living in a city has been associated with increased amygdala activity in a stress paradigm, and being brought up in a city with increased pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pACC) activity. We set out to identify geographical characteristics that constitute an enriched environment affecting ...

14 Years of PID Services at the German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB): Connected Frameworks, Research Data and Lessons Learned from a National Research Library Perspective

In an ideal research world, any scientific content should be citable and the coherent content, as well as the citation itself, should be persistent. However, today’s scientists do not only produce traditional research papers – they produce comprehensive digital resources and collections. TIB’s mission is to develop a supportive framework for a sustainable access to such digital content – focusing on ...

Decoupling Nominal and Real Rigidities: A Reexamination of the Canonical Model of Price Setting under Menu Costs

We revisit Ball and Romer’s (1990) canonical model of price setting with menu costs that exhibits multiple equilibria. We show that changes to firms’ markups move nominal and real rigidities in opposite directions. Using game-theoretic tools to derive a unique equilibrium, we find that accounting for agents’ endogenous adjustment of price expectations further weakens the link between real and nominal ...

Gender Role Asymmetry and Stock Market Participation: Evidence from Four European Household Surveys

This study investigates the importance of social norms for shaping women's and men's decision to participate in the stock market, aiming to disentangle the different channels playing a role in this decision. Gender role asymmetry is indicated by the country's rank in the gender equality index of the World Economic Forum. Using data from four national household surveys, we find that in Italy – the country ...

Speculative Price Bubbles in Urban Housing Markets: Empirical Evidence from Germany

In the light of the unconventional monetary policies implemented by most large central banks around the world, there is an intense debate about the potential impact on the prices of capital assets. Particularly in Germany, skepticism about the sustainability of the current policy by the European Central Bank is wide spread and concerns about the emergence of a speculative price bubble in the housing ...

FFTrees: A Toolbox to Create, Visualize, and Evaluate Fast-And-Frugal Decision Trees

Fast-and-frugal trees (FFTs) are simple algorithms that facilitate efficient and accurate decisions based on limited information. But despite their successful use in many applied domains, there is no widely available toolbox that allows anyone to easily create, visualize, and evaluate FFTs. We fill this gap by introducing the R package FFTrees. In this paper, we explain how FFTs work, introduce a new ...

CO2 Emission Intensity and Exporting: Evidence from Firm-Level Data

This paper analyses whether exporting firms are less CO2 emission-intensive than non-exporting competitors. It exploits a novel and unique dataset for Germany, a major exporting country. Due to the direct link between CO2 emissions and fuels consumed, we argue that it is necessary to employ a production function framework to consistently analyse CO2 emission intensity. We show that such an approach ...

Arbeitszeiten und Arbeitszeitwünsche: Unterschiede zwischen Mikrozensus und SOEP

Nach Ergebnissen des Mikrozensus hatten im Jahr 2015 gut 2,7 Millionen Erwerbstätigeim Alter von 15 bis 74 Jahren den Wunsch nach zusätzlichen Arbeitsstunden,während 1 Million Erwerbstätige weniger arbeiten wollten. Für dasselbe Berichtsjahrermittelte das DIW Berlin auf Basis des Sozio-oekonomischen Panels knapp 5,3 MillionenErwerbstätige im Alter von 18 bis 64 Jahren mit Wunsch nach einer Erhöhung ...

Market Power and Heterogeneous Pass-Through in German Electricity Retail

We analyze the pass-through of cost changes to retail tariffs in the German electricity market over the 2007–2014 period. We find an average pass-through rate of around 60%. This significantly varies with demand factors: while the pass-through rate to baseline tariffs, where firms have greater market power because customers are less willing to switch, is only 50%, it increases to 70% in the competitive ...

Can Facts Trump Unconditional Trust? Evidence-Based Information Halves the Influence of Physicians' Non-Evidence-Based Cancer Screening Recommendations

Informed decision making in medicine, defined as basing one’s decision on the best current medical evidence, requires both informed physicians and informed patients. In cancer screening, however, studies document that these prerequisites are not yet met. Many physicians do not know or understand the medical evidence behind screening tests, do not adequately counsel (asymptomatic) people on screening, ...

Data Sharing as a Social Dilemma: Influence of the Researcher's Personality

It is widely acknowledged that data sharing has great potential for scientific progress. However, so far making data available has little impact on a researcher’s reputation. Thus, data sharing can be conceptualized as a social dilemma. In the presented study we investigated the influence of the researcher's personality within the social dilemma of data sharing. The theoretical background was the appropriateness ...

How Does Availability of County-Level Healthcare Services Shape Terminal Decline in Well-Being?

Both lifespan psychology and life course sociology highlight that contextual factors influence individual functioning and development. In the current study, we operationalize context as county-level care services in inpatient and outpatient facilities(e.g., number of care facilities, privacy in facilities) and investigate how the care context shapes well-being in the last years of life. To do so, we ...

"What Else Are You Worried about?" - Integrating Textual Responses into Quantitative Social Science Research

Open-ended questions have routinely been included in large-scale survey and panel studies, yet there is some perplexity about how to actually incorporate the answers to such questions into quantitative social science research. Tools developed recently in the domain of natural language processing offer a wide range of options for the automated analysis of such textual data, but their implementation ...

Wind Power and Externalities

This paper provides a literature review on wind power and externalities from multiple perspectives. Specifically, the economic rationale behind world-wide wind power deployment is to mitigate negative externalities of conventional electricity technologies, notably emissions from fossil fuels. However, wind power entails externalities itself. Wind turbines can lower quality of human life through noise ...

Long-Run Power Storage Requirements for High Shares of Renewables: Review and a New Model

The purpose of this article is twofold. First, we review model-based analyses that explore the role of power storage in energy systems with high shares of variable renewables. Second, we introduce a new model that is specifically designed for exploring long-term storage requirements. The literature survey focuses on recent contributions in the peer-reviewed energy economics and engineering literature. ...

Long-Run Power Storage Requirements for High Shares of Renewables: Results and Sensitivities

We use the model DIETER, introduced in a companion paper, to analyze the role of power storage in systems with high shares of variable renewable energy sources. The model captures multiple system values of power storage related to arbitrage, capacity, and reserve provision. We apply the model to a greenfield setting that is loosely calibrated to the German power system, but may be considered as a more ...

Do Entrepreneurs Really Earn Less?

Based on large representative German household survey data, we compare incomes of the self-employed with those of paid employees. We find that the entrepreneurial income gap is largest for those holding a tertiary degree, but in two directions: positive for employers (self-employed with further employees) and negative for solo entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurs holding a tertiary degree also face the greatest ...

Individual Risk Preferences and the Demand for Redistribution

Redistributive policies can provide an insurance against future negative economic shocks. This, in turn, implies that an individual's demand for redistribution is expected to increase with her risk aversion. To test this prediction, we elicit risk aversion and demand for redistribution through a well-established set of measures in a representative sample of the Swedish population. We document a statistically ...